patientsA general opinion of psychology is quite vague. There's 250 schools of psychology. That's like asking; do you like apples? All the way from little green ones up fully ripe ones. Consider my opinion.
"All creatures are involuntarily responsive to perceptions." The involuntary is "first responder" to perceptions; it's our ancestral heritage.
Sometimes it's so subtle, we don't recognize it. For a demonstration,do the Nine Dot puzzle, (again, if your already familar with it).
As you look at the dots, they are automatically "gestalted"(by involuntary), that is, unwittingly assumed and believed they are a square. You perceive your image as real, and proceed to(attempt) to connect the dots within the confine of your imposed image. It's not possible to connect the dots then as directed. (That's what makes it a puzzle).
We can't override such a subtle intervening by our involuntary when we are not aware of it occurring.
When we "unwittingly believe" some of our images are real, we in effect "counterfeit" perceptions our amygdala can't distinguish from perceptions of/from environment, thereby needlessly overstimulating our amygdala and experiencing emotional suffering and/or dysfunctional behavior.
Most of us saw John Boehner emote in public, it's not likely he intended to do so, but as he was talking, some words accessed a "believed image" and his amygdala reacted to it. We are all prone to "unwittingly believe" some of our images are real. "Think of a image that disturbs you." See? It's not the image per se that 'disturbs' but the reaction to it.
We are conditioned to and by language,(without noticing it). That's the side-effect of using language. The most pernicious one is, "unwittingly believing some of our images are real." In those cases, the status of the image changes from representation/proxy to a referent in and of itself. (self-reference/reification). It took a long time to recognize and put warning labels on cigarettes. We need; WARNING: Using Language Can Be Hazardous- If you don't recognize believing some thought-images are real".
A good example that even Mental Health practioners are 'subject' to not recognizing their covertly believed images, is the article; "On Being Sane In Insane Places". The gist of it,some experimenters sent "normal" people to pose as patients to a men tal facility.(The pseudo patients only falsified their names and symptoms, thereafter they acted normal and answered all other questions truthfully. They were admitted and treated. FOR WHAT? The staffs misdiagnosis? They saw what they believed, (like we saw'square' where there was none.)